Gas compressor



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B'Ym 's ATroRNEY AUnited States Patent GAS COMPRESSOR Alexander Blackman, New Orleans, La., assigner of i three-fifths to McDonald L. Stephens, New Orleans., La.

Application December 6, 1957, Serial No. 701,205 Claims. (Cl. 2'30-147) Another object is to provide a novel construction i which may be manufactured in unusually small Sizes without such intricate machine operations as to make manufacturing cost excessively high.

Yet another object is to provide a novel construction which will operate with little friction, thereby requiring little power consumption and also reducing wear and heat generation.

A further object is to provide a novel rotary compressor in which the gas admitted for conpression is so directed that it produces a compressor cooling action.

A still further object is to provide a novel rotary compressor having no rotor, in the accepted meaning of the term. l t

Yet another object is to provide anovel rotary coinpressor in which a driven eccentric is operableV in a cylindrical chamber of a stator and carries bearings for radial blades which extend into recessesinthe chamber wall and have their outer ends slidably and pivotally mounted in said recesses, said blades dividing said chamber into compartments which alternately expand to receive gasand contract to compress the gas. t

With the above and other objects in view that will here.` inafter appear, the nature of the invention will be more clearly understood by reference to the following detailed description, the appended claims and theseveral views illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

Figure l Ais a central `vertical longitudinal section through `the compressor, partly in elevation.

kFigure, 2 is a :transverse section partly on the plane of line 2 2 of Figure land partly on planesthrough one intakevalve and oneexhaust valve.

Figures 3r 4 and 5 aretransverse sections on lines 3 3, 4 4, and 5 5 on Figure 1, respectively.

Figure `@is a fragmentary longitudinal section on the planes of the lines 6 6 of Figures 4.and 5, internal movable parts being omitted. p

The construction disclosed in the drawings may -be considered as preferred and will be rather specifically described: but attention is invited to thepossibility of making variations. s .A Y

While the invention does not include a rotor, in the accepted meaning of the term, it does include a stator.

.This stator comprises `an elongated body 10, onehead structure 11 secured by `screws 12 to one end of said tbody, 10.and -a second head .structure 13 securedby Screws14 to the other end ofsaidibodyll).

*The body 10 is in `the general 4'form of a `rectangular block having mountingwfeedlStand theend Surfaces 10a and 10b of said body, against which the head strucice tures 11 and 13 are secured, are disposed in parallel planes. A cylindrical bore 16 is yformed longitudinally in the body 1t): and the ends of this bore open through the end surfaces 10a and lilb. Longitudinally extending recesses 17 (Figures 1 and 2) are also formed longitudinally in the body 10 with their ends opening through the end surfaces 10a and 10b. These recesses are equally spaced around the bore 16 and they communicate at -1-8 with said bore.

A drive shaft 19 extends longitudinally through the bore 16 and is coaxial therewith, said shaft being mounted in suitable bearings 20 and 21 mounted in the head structures 11 and 13, respectively. One end of the shaft 19 projects beyond the stator for connection with suitable driving means. This shaft is provided with an integral eccentric 22 spaced from the wall of the bore 16 and extending from end to end thereof: and said eccentric is surrounded by two halves 23 of a master bearing sleeve. A spring ring 24 is disposed between these sleeve halves and exerts pressure to hold the outer ends of said halves in sealing contact with the inner sides of the head structures 11 and 13, respectively. These head structures close the ends of the bore 16 from the bore wall to the sleeve halves 2li and they also close the ends of the elongated recesses 17. The bore and the head structures thus form a cylindrical chamber C containing the eccentric 22: and the recesses 17 communicate at 18 with said cylindrical chamber C.

Blades 25 are disposed in radial relation with the eccentric 22 and are provided With bearings 26 each of which surrounds and has running clearance with the master bearing sleeve 23, 23. The inner` edge of each blade is in sealing contact with the bearings 26 of all other blades. The outer ends of the blades 2S extend into the recesses 17 and by means of rockers 31 are mounted for sliding and pivotal movements, which movements occur as rotation of the eccentric 22 causes the bearings 26 to planetate. The blades'25 extend from end to end of the chamber C and have suitable seals 27 in contact with the head structures 11 and 113 respectively. The blades 25, bearings 26 and rockers 31 thus cooperate in dividing the space between the eccentric 22 and the side Wall of the chamber C into separate compartments 28 which expand and Contact as the eccentric 22 is driven. For `each of these compartments, an intake valve assembly 29 and anexhaust valve assembly 30, are provide-d, said assemblies being mountcd in the body 10. These assemblies 29 and 30 communicate with admitted gas conducting means and outgoing gas conducting means, respectively, as'hereinafter fully described. Thus, as each compartment 28 expands it receives gas and as :it contracts it compressesand expels the received gas.

Two spaced rockers 31 are provided [for slidably and pivotally mounting the outer end of each blade 25 inthe recess 17 into which it extends. Each recescs `has opposed transversely arcuate side walls 32 in sealing contact with correspondingly shaped outer sides 33 of the rockers 311: and these rockers have flat parallel inner sides .Ta-i in sealing contact With the flat sidesof the blades 25. As the blades are moved by the eccentric 2,2, they slide between the rockers ulil and these rockers rock between the recess walls 33.

Counterbalances 35 and 36 are secured to the shaft A1 9 and are operable in chambers 37 and 3 8 of the head structures 11' and 13, respectively, to prevent vibration due to rotation of the eccentric 22 and other olf-center masses. f The head structure 1l is composed of an inner section 39 and an outer section 4G which are recessed to form the chamber 3S: and said outer section 4t? hasfa gas admitting inlet 41. PortslZ (Figures l, 4 and 6) are spaced apart around the chamber 33 and areformed assenso in the head sectionl39;

The linner ends of these ports i said ports communicate with recesses 43 (Figures 4 and 6) yin the corner portions of the head section 39. Additional ports 44 (Figures 4 and 6) are formed in the head section]V 39 and establish communication between the recesses 43 and longitudinal ducts 45 which are formed iny the body 10 and extend from end to end thereof.

-It will be seen from the above that gas admitted at the inlet 41 reaches the ducts 45 by way of the chamber 38, ports 42, recesses 43 and ports 44. Some of the admitted gas is also conducted from the chamber 38 of the head structure 11 into the chamber 37 of the head structure 13 through a longitudinal duct 46 in the eccentric 22. Also, some of the admitted gas is conducted through a longitudinal port 47 and branch ports 48 in the shaft 19, into a seal chamber 49 containing a suitable seal 50 for said shaft 19. Gas from the seal chamber 49 enters the chamber 37 through a port 51. The gas within the longitudinal ducts 45 of the body 10 and the gas within the chamber 37 is conducted to the intake valve assemblies 29 by conducting means hereinafter described.

The gas contains lubricating oil in suspension and hence can serve to lubricate the sealing means 50 and the bearings 20, 21 and 26. The gas reaches the sealing means 50 through the ports 47 and 48 and it flows `through the bearings 20 and 21 as seen in Figure 1. To

conduct some of the gas to the bearings 26, ports 52 branch from the shaft port 47 and other ports 53 branch 4,from the duct 46 of the eccentric 22. The ports 52 and 53 lead to grooves 54 in the periphery of the eccentric 22: and ports 55 extend from said periphery through the sleeve 23, 23 to the bearings 26.

The head structure 13 comprises an inner section 56 (Figures 1 and 3) and an outer section 57. The section 56 is recessed to coact with the section 57 in forming the chamber 37. The section 56 is also recessed at 58 (Figures 1 and 3) around the chamber 37 to provide a substantially circular duct into which the longitudinal 'ducts 45 of the body 1li open. Ports 59 (Figures 1 and 3) extend to this duct 58, 58 etc. from the chamber 37: and ducts 60, 61 extend from said duct 58, 58, etc. to all of the intake valve assemblies 29, except the lowermost.

Other ducts 62, 63 (Figure 1) ext-end to the lowermost. of the intake valve assemblies 29: and ducts 64 (Figures l and 3) extend to the ducts 62 from the duct 58, 58 etc. The outer ends of the ducts 64 are well above any Y'possible level of oil which may accumulate in the lower portion of the compressor: and oil-flooding of the lowermost of the compartments 28 is thus avoided.

The body 10, head section 39 and head section 40 are lpro/vided with registering exhaust ports 65, 66 and 67 `(Figure l) which extend from the exhaust valve assemblies 30. The ports 66 are placed in communication with each other by means of ports 68 (Figures l, 5 and 6): andtwo of these ports communicatefwith a main "exhaust port 69.

The ports 70 in Figure 2 are simply breathers for the 'outer ends of the recesses 17 Operation f As the eccentric 22 is driven by the shaft 19 it causes such movements of the blades 25 as to expand and contract the compartments 28, thereby causing admission of gas to said chambers 28 through the intake valve assemblies, compression of gas in said chambers and exhaust of compressed gas from said chambers. Gas adchamber 37 also enters said duct 58, 58 etc. through the ports 59. From the duct 58, 58 etc. the gas ows to all but the lowermost of the inlet valve assemblies 29 through the ports 60, 61. To said lowermost of the assemblies 29, the gas llows through the ducts 62, 63 and 64 from the duct 58, 58 etc. The inflow of admitted gas effects an important compressor cooling function and it also lubricates all moving parts.

Compressed gas discharged through the exhaust valve assemblies 30, flows through the ports 65, 66, 67 and 68 to the main exhaust port 69.

From lthe foregoing, it will be seen that novel andV advantageous construction has been disclosed for attaining the desired ends. However, attention is again invited to the possibility of making variations.

I claim:

1. A compressor comprising a stator having a cylindrical chamber and two parallel end closures for the ends of said cylindrical chamber, said stator also having recesses equally distributed around said cylindrical chamber, each of said recesses extending from one to the other of said Vend closures and communicating throughout its length with said cylindrical chamber, a rotatably mounted drive shaft `coaxial with said cylindrical chamber, said drive shaft having a single cylindrical eccentric within said cylindrical chamber and extending from one to the other of said end closures, blades radial to said eccentric and having edges in sliding contact with said end closures, said blades extending into saidrecesses respectively, rockers in said recesses and extending from end to endV thereof, said rockers having flat inner surfaces in sliding contact with opposite sides of said blades, the inner extremity of each of said blades having circular bearingmeans rigidly fixed thereto and within which said eccentric is rotatable to cause planetation of the bearing means and consequent sliding of the blades with respect totheir respective Yrockers during rotation of said'eccentric, the bearing means of each blade being in contact with those of adjacentblades and the endmost of said Abearing means being in contact with said end closures; :said blades," saidV bearing means and said rockers cooper- 'ating in dividing the space between said eccentric and the side wall of lsaid cylindrical chamber into segregated i compartments which expand Vand contract as said eccentric is rotated, and valved admission and exhaust means for each of said compartments.`

y 2. A structureas specified in claim l, wherein said recesses have opposed transversely arcuate side walls at opposite sides of said blades; wherein said rockers have correspondinglyarcuate outer surfaces in contact with said side walls; and in which the rocker portions at the front sides of said blades are separate from the rocker portionsat the rear sides of said blades.

3. A structure as specied in Vclaim l, in which said eccentric is provided with a peripheral master bearing sleeve lsurrounded by and having running contact with each of said bearing means of said blades.

4. A structure as specified in claim 1,

wherein said i shaft is provided with counterbalances, said stator having recesses receiving said counterbalances. '5. A structure as specilied in claim l, wherein the admission means for said compartments includes ducts within and extending substantially from end to end of said stator,fto`utilize the admittedV uid for compressor cooling.

6. A structure as` specified in claim l, wherein the admission means for said compartments includes ducts within and extending substantially from end to end of saidfs'tator, and an additional duct through said eccen ltricand extending from end to end thereof, to utilize the admitted fluid for compressor cooling. Y

V7. A structure as specified'in claim 1, wherein said eccentric is provided'with a peripheral master bearing sleeve' and wherein af's'pace is provided between said Vbearing sleeve and`l said eccentri, said eccentric having a duct from end to end thereof and forming a portion of the admission means for said compartments, said eccentric also having ports from said duct to said space between said eccentric and sleeve, said sleeve being provided With ports extending from said space to said bearing means of said blades.

8. A compressor comprising a stator body having end surfaces disposed in parallel planes, said body also having a cylindrical chamber the ends of which open through said end surfaces, said body also having longitudinal recesses which extend from end to end thereof and open through circumterentially spaced portions of said cylindrical chamber, the ends of said recesses being open at said end surfaces, one head structure secured against one of said end surfaces and havingr a shaft bearing, a second head structure secured against the other of said end surfaces and also having a shaft bearing, said shaft bearings being coaxial with said cylindrical chamber, a shaft rotatably mounted in said shaft bearings and having an eccentric Within and extending from end to end of said cylindrical chamber, said eccentric being spaced from the wall of said chamber, blades radial to said eccentric and having edges in sliding contact with said head structures, said blades extending into said recesses respectively, rockers in said recesses and extending from end to end thereof, said rockers having at inner surfaces in sliding contact with the opposite sides of said blades, the inner extremity of each of said blades having circular bearing means rigidly xed thereto and within which said eccentric is rotatable to canse planetation'of the bearing means and consequent sliding of the blades with respect to their respective rockers during rotation of said eccentric, the bearing means of each blade being in contactwith those of adjacent blades and the endmost of said bearing means being in contact with said head struc-A tures; said blades, said bearing means and said rockers cooperating in dividing the space between said eccentric and the side Wall of said cylindrical chamber into segregated compartments Which expand and contract as said eccentric is rotated, admission valves and discharge valves for said compartments, said valves being mounted in said body, said body being provided with longitudinal ducts from end to end thereof, said one head structurehaving a gas inlet and admitted gas conducting means for conducting gas from said inlet to one end of said longitudinal ducts, said second head structure and body having admitted gas conducting means for conducting gas from the other ends of said longitudinal ducts to said admission valves, said one head structure being provided with a gas outlet, said one head structure and body having compressed gas conducting means for conducting compressed gas from said exhaust valves to said gas outlet.

9. A structure as specied in claim 8: said one head structure being provided with an admitted gas receiving chamber forming part of its admitted gas conducting means, said second head structure having a second ad mitted gas conducting chamber communicating with its admitted gas conducting means, said eccentric being provided with an admitted gas conducting duct from end to end thereof, the ends of this duct being in communication with said admitted gas conducting chambers respectively.

10. A structure as specified in claim 8: said one head structure being provided with an admitted gas receiving chamber forming part of its admitted gas conducting means, said second head structure having a second ad mitted gas conducting chamber communicating with its admitted gas conducting means, said eccentric being provided vvith an admitted gas conducting duct from end to end thereof, the ends of this duct being in communication with said admitted gas conducting chambers respectively, said eccentric also having admitted gas conducting means from its admitted gas conducting duct to the bearings of said blades.

References Cited in the le of this patent l UNITED STATES PATENTS 448,336 Gollings Mar. 17, 1891 1,660,183 Weeden Feb. 21, 1928 1,914,622 Smith June 20, 1933 1,935,096 Muller Nov. 14, 1933 1,961,592 Muller June 5, 1934 2,029,554 Berggren Feb. 4, 1936 2,061,950 Ott Nov. 24, 1936 2,789,513 Johnson et al Apr. 23, 1957 FOREIGN PATENTS 861,204 Germany Dec. 29, 1952 

